酸櫻桃對(duì)高尿酸和痛風(fēng)人群有何益處，權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)怎么看？

很多風(fēng)友留言，在查詢高尿酸及痛風(fēng)診療方案時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)參照臨床指南和專家共識(shí)，大家想知道國(guó)內(nèi)外指南和共識(shí)中是否提及了酸櫻桃。今天我們就來(lái)梳理一下，希望對(duì)痛風(fēng)和高尿酸朋友有所啟發(fā)。

• 歐洲風(fēng)濕病聯(lián)盟2016年更新關(guān)于痛風(fēng)管理的詢證建議中提到：櫻桃與痛風(fēng)發(fā)病負(fù)相關(guān)，食用櫻桃可降低痛風(fēng)發(fā)作頻率^[1]

• 英國(guó)風(fēng)濕病學(xué)會(huì)痛風(fēng)管理指南中提到：鼓勵(lì)在飲食中加入櫻桃^[2]

• ACR指南2020年更新^[3]、美國(guó)內(nèi)內(nèi)科醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)（ACP）指南^[4]中均提到了酸櫻桃，肯定了需要對(duì)酸櫻桃降尿酸等方面開展更深入的研究。

  
  

• 對(duì)高尿酸血癥和高心血管風(fēng)險(xiǎn)患者的診斷和治療的專家共識(shí)2021年更新中提到：建議飲食中加入櫻桃^[5]

• 奧地利風(fēng)濕病與康復(fù)學(xué)會(huì)指南2022年更新中提到：櫻桃（尤其是酸櫻桃）可通過(guò)促進(jìn)尿酸排泄，降低血尿酸水平（證據(jù)等級(jí)2b）^[6]

• 2024年2月，我國(guó)國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委辦公廳關(guān)于印發(fā)成人高尿酸血癥與痛風(fēng)食養(yǎng)指南(2024年版)等4項(xiàng)食養(yǎng)指南的通知中，提到將櫻桃列為高尿酸與痛風(fēng)飲食推薦水果^[7]

• 酸櫻桃比甜櫻桃含糖量低33.78 %
• β-胡蘿卜素含量是甜櫻桃的 20.12倍
• 酚含量可達(dá)甜櫻桃的17倍
• DPPH自由基清除能力高達(dá)47.70%

參考指南

[1] Richette P, Doherty M, Pascual E, Barskova V, Becce F, Casta?eda-Sanabria J, Coyfish M, Guillo S, Jansen TL, Janssens H, Lioté F, Mallen C, Nuki G, Perez-Ruiz F, Pimentao J, Punzi L, Pywell T, So A, Tausche AK, Uhlig T, Zavada J, Zhang W, Tubach F, Bardin T. 2016 updated EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the management of gout. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Jan;76(1):29-42.

[2] Hui M, Carr A, Cameron S, Davenport G, Doherty M, Forrester H, Jenkins W, Jordan KM, Mallen CD, McDonald TM, Nuki G, Pywell A, Zhang W, Roddy E; British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Audit and Guidelines Working Group. The British Society for Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Gout. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017 Jul 1;56(7):1056-1059.

[3] FitzGerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, Brignardello-Petersen R, Guyatt G, Abeles AM, Gelber AC, Harrold LR, Khanna D, King C, Levy G, Libbey C, Mount D, Pillinger MH, Rosenthal A, Singh JA, Sims JE, Smith BJ, Wenger NS, Bae SS, Danve A, Khanna PP, Kim SC, Lenert A, Poon S, Qasim A, Sehra ST, Sharma TSK, Toprover M, Turgunbaev M, Zeng L, Zhang MA, Turner AS, Neogi T. 2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Jun;72(6):744-760.

[4] Qaseem A, Harris RP, Forciea MA; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians; Denberg TD, Barry MJ, Boyd C, Chow RD, Humphrey LL, Kansagara D, Vijan S, Wilt TJ. Management of Acute and Recurrent Gout: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Jan 3;166(1):58-68.

[5] Borghi C, Domienik-Kar?owicz J, Tykarski A, Widecka K, Filipiak KJ, Jaguszewski MJ, Narkiewicz K, Mancia G. Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of patient with hyperuricemia and high cardiovascular risk: 2021 update. Cardiol J. 2021;28(1):1-14.

[6] Sautner J, Eichbauer-Sturm G, Gruber J, Lunzer R, Puchner RJ. 2022 update of the Austrian Society of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation nutrition and lifestyle recommendations for patients with gout and hyperuricemia. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2022 Jul;134(13-14):546-554.

[7] http://www.nhc.gov.cn/sps/s7887k/202402/4a82f053aa78459bb88e35f812d184c3.shtml